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【Maintaining Energy Balance Part I : Cosmic Part 维持能量的平衡上编-宇宙编】
Energy balance is another concept. First, we need to understand "balance." According to the Xinhua Dictionary, "balance" is defined as: 1. The forces acting on all parts of an object or system are equal, maintaining a stable state. 2. The quantities, qualities, or forces on two sides are equal or cancel each other out. 3. A state of coordination and harmony, used metaphorically. A deeper interpretation: when a system tends toward or undergoes some change and becomes unstable, another change or transformation occurs to maintain the system's stability, with energy playing a key role. Other definitions: balance refers to a dynamic or static stable state achieved through interactions within a system or between a system and its environment. In chemistry, it manifests as heterogeneous complementarity; in physics, as homogeneous uniformity. Here, energy does not refer merely to a quantity but can take different forms, such as forces: gravitational, electromagnetic, strong nuclear, weak nuclear... various forms of energy maintain the balance of a system — in simple terms, "maintaining the balance of energy." However, the universe is not just a single system; macroscopic and microscopic realms, the world, all things, and various systems intersect in complex ways. As Chinese philosophy says: within yin there is yang, within yang there is yin. The systems of the universe are constantly in motion, and with the effects of dark matter and dark energy, nothing in the world is eternally unchanging. Even the theory of yin and yang alone is difficult to fully explain in a single text. It is enough that it can explain our world and maintain the balance of our world.
Let's put on our seat belts and set off.
According to mainstream views, our universe was born from the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago. Before that, it was merely a collapse, a singularity of infinite smallness and infinite density.
The scenario before the Big Bang: the dance of energy from "nothing" to "something"!
Modern quantum field theory suggests that the universe before the Big Bang was not absolute "nothingness," but rather filled with a quantum vacuum — a state of lowest possible energy yet intensely fluctuating. In this vacuum, virtual particle pairs (such as electrons and positrons) constantly emerge, borrowing energy...
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